Select an Industry and Analyse it According to Porter's Five Forces Essay

Select an Industry and Analyze it According to Porter's Five Forces - Essay Example In any case, before wandering into this small car industry, it is fundamental to assess the serious powers. On the off chance that the powers are exceptional, it gets hard to accomplish alluring rates of profitability (Porter, 2008). Nonetheless, the organization accomplishes benefits when the powers are considerate. The most grounded serious powers decide the gainfulness of the business and furthermore manage the firm in building up the system. In view of Porter’s Five Forces Model, the image of rivalry can be work in three phases †recognizable proof of the particular serious weights with every one of the five powers, assess the quality of every one of the five serious powers, and decide whether the aggregate impact of the five powers is helpful for making benefits inside the business. The five powers that shape procedure have been appeared in the graph beneath and every one of them has been talked about independently: Source: Porter (2008). Danger of new participants Th e car business is developed and to make due in this industry the firm should have the option to accomplish economies of scale. This requires large scale manufacturing and substantial speculations. In view of low deals union is occurring in the business. Aside from assembling customary advancement is important to continue and this requires substantial interests in innovative work too. The expense of passage into an industry additionally relies on the plausible response from existing contenders (Porter, n.d.). High exchanging costs additionally dissuade a maker from entering an industry. Exchanging costs for this situation might be high a direct result of periodical innovation up-degree to get by in the market. Vehicle fabricating and particularly with new innovation requires concentrated dissemination methodology with a few dispersion channels. This gets hard for another participant to set up and henceforth danger from new contestants is low. Be that as it may, outside rivalry, new i nnovation and the executives aptitudes do represent a danger in the business. In addition, the UK government is strong of advancement in the car business which makes the danger from new contestants high. Bartering intensity of providers The vehicle makers currently re-appropriate greater part of their automobile parts to different makers accordingly empowering them to concentrate on the center items, on advancement and innovative work. This is known as the OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) rule where the business brand name works with countless providers (Molnar, 2009).This infers that one vehicle producer is reliant on a few providers simultaneously and these providers also might be sub-contracting work thusly. In this manner there are a few layers of providers for each vehicle maker. Toyota in actuality has a few providers for similar parts which decreases their reliance on one single provider (SD, 2005). This proposes the bartering intensity of providers is low in the busines s. Be that as it may, since this is another idea with imaginative innovation the reliance on providers might be high at first as more makers enter the market. Dealing intensity of purchasers The vehicle business is absolutely subject to the offer of yield by the purchasers. In this manner the dealing intensity of purchasers is high. Purchasers have gotten requesting of offices and are additionally cost

Comparison of Adidas and Nike Footwear

Examination of Adidas and Nike Footwear COMPARITIVE STUDY OF Brand of Leading Footwear Giants With extraordinary reference to Adidas and Nike Unique Marking The 1980s denoted a defining moment in the opposition of brands. The executives came to ralise that the principlal resource of an organization was in truth its image names. The brand isn't the item yet it gives the item meaning and characterizes its personality in both existence. Over and over again marks are inspected through their segment parts: the brand name, its logo, plan or bundling, publicizing or sponsorship, the degree of picture and brand mindfulness or, all the more as of late, as far as budgetary valuation. The brand is a point of convergence for all the constructive and adverse impressions made by purchaser after some time as he comes into contact with the brands items, appropriation channel, faculty and correspondence. The brand keeps on being, in any event in present moment, a precept for quality significantly after the patent has lapsed. The brand plays out a monetary capacity in the brain of shopper and along these lines has an enduring and noteworthy impact on the companys exercises, be it as merchant or proprietor of the brand. Legitimately a brand is essentially an image which recognizes a companys item and guarantees its inception and in this manner just acquires its incentive through enlistment and similarity. So as to comprehend how a solid brand is a generator of development and gainfulness, it is first important to help ourselves to remember the fnctions that it performs with the shoppers themselves, and which are the wellspring of this significant altruism. When these capacities are esteemed, the customer searches out the brands and gets appended, surely faithful, to them and, as per the valuation, is regularly arranged to pay more for the marked item. Then again, when these capacities are either not satisfied or not esteemed by the general population, the fascination of the marked item diminishes and its exceptional cost gets inadmissible. Marking implies significantly more than simply giving a brand name and motioning to the outside world that such an item or administration has been stepped with the imprint and engraving of an association. Brands are an immediate result of the system of market division and item separation. It is no big surprise that the word â€Å"brand† likewise alludes to the demonstration of consuming an imprint into the tissue of a creature as a way to guarantee responsibility for. Marking however, isn't tied in with being on something, yet inside something. The item or administration subsequently enhanced must stand apart well in the event that it is to be spotted by the potential purchaser and if the organization needs to receive the rewards of its technique before being replicated by others. The brand ought to have its own particular perspective on the item classification. It is this origination whichjustifies the brands exixstence, its purpose behind being available, and gives it a rule for its life cycle. A brand is both the memory and eventual fate of its items. Items are quiet: the brand is the thing that gives them significance and reason, disclosing to us how an item ought to be perused. A brand is both a crystal and an amplifying glass through which items can be decoded. Brands become believable through persistency and redundancy. Whats in a name? That which we call a rose by some other name would smell as sweet. William Shakespeare Shakespeare wasn't right. A rose by some other name would not smell as sweet †¦. Which is the reason the absolute most significant choice in the advertising of aroma is the name. Al Ries and Jack Trout A thought, in the most noteworthy feeling of that word, can't be passed on yet an image. Samuel Taylor Coleridge A brand is an outer appearance of what occurs inside the association. The brand is the most remarkable resource of an organization. It is the instrument by which the items move. It is the image of a companys guarantee. Marking is the procedure by which organizations recognize their item contributions from rivalry. A brand is made by building up an unmistakable name, bundling and plan, and stirring client assumptions regarding the contribution. By building up an individual character, marking licenses clients to create affiliations like notoriety and economy with the brand. Purchasing a brand lessens the danger of the client and facilitates his buy choices. Brand prevalence leads over high deals, the capacity to charge cost premiums, and the ability to oppose appropriation power. A brand is a distinctive name or image, (for example, a logo, trademark, or bundle configuration) intended to recognize the products or administrations of it is possible that one vender or a Group of dealers. Its motivation is to separate the merchandise or administrations from the products or administrations of the contenders. A brand offers signs to the client the wellspring of the item, and ensures both the client and the maker from the contenders who might endeavor to give indistinguishable items that give off an impression of being same. The quality of brand is legitimately relative to the desires for the client about it. The brand is the climax of the considerable number of exercises of the association. The brand name passes on the arrangement of qualities and properties exemplified in the brand. At the point when we consider M with bended top helps us to remember the heavenly burgers served at McDonalds outlets. This is the means by which an image helps us to remember the brand when it gets material in the entire universe. A BRAND CONVEYS the accompanying message Ø Attributes: can be both explicit and unique. Size shading and weight are explicit. McDonalds gives distinguishing proof of unadulterated and clean food served by it. Ø Benefits: allude to the customer view of the requirements that are being fulfilled. McDonalds gives us sound food, which is clean and prepared to eat. Ø Values: Wipros values are to convey best items and administrations by applying these qualities. Ø Culture: Mercedes speaks to German culture: sorted out and effective and agreeable vehicles. Ø Personality: Raymonds textures give a delicate, mindful and adorable keeps an eye on look to its clients. Ø User: Barbies show that its client would be a little child and not a young person or an elderly person A fruitful brand has a few basic qualities. The nearness of the majority of these traits can ensure long haul distinction of the brand.  · The brand gives the advantages that client want. Clients purchase a brand since its properties, its picture, its administration and numerous other substantial and immaterial variables make an alluring entirety.  · The brand remains significant.  · The evaluating procedure depends on customers impression of significant worth. The organization needs to show up at the correct mix of item quality, structure, highlights and cost. Worth estimating ought not be embraced to the detriment of fundamental brand-building exercises. Whatever value the organization chooses to charge, it ought to have the option to exhibit that clients are getting an incentive from it in relation to the value they are paying.  · The brand is appropriately situated. Effective brands stay aware of contenders by making purposes of equality in those territories where contenders are attempting to discover a favorable position, while simultaneously making purposes of distinction to accomplish points of interest over rivals in some different regions.  · The brand is reliable. Keeping up a solid brand implies finding some kind of harmony between progression in showcasing exercises and the sort of changes expected to remain pertinent.  · The brand portfolio and chain of command should bode well. The Gaps brand portfolio furnishes greatest market inclusion with insignificant cover. Banana Republic serves the better quality, the Gap brand covers the fundamental style and quality section, and Old Navy serves the mass market. Each brand has the unmistakable picture and its own wellspring of value. Brand at each degree of the chain of command ought to add to the general value of the portfolio through their individual capacity to make buyers mindful of the different items and cultivate positive relationship with them.  · The brand utilizes and facilitates a full collection of promoting exercises to construct value.  · Brand directors comprehend what the brand intends to customers. Writing REVIEW Characterize the Market Market is where the venders and purchasers meet. It doesn't have any segment limits. Statistical surveying  · Market inquire about gives the information about clients, its disposition, approach. Statistical surveying is assortment of information which will make an individual (as a business) progressively mindful of how the individuals, you would like to offer the result of the organization to, will respond to your items or administrations. Directing statistical surveying There is no uniform method of directing statistical surveying, yet there are number of manners by which we may complete your exploration yet we have to painstakingly consider the explanation of this decision and what you trust the proof will recommend to you. There are different strategies yet Questionnaires and individual meetings are one of the most well-known manners by which you can lead statistical surveying, and there are numerous techniques for social event information along these lines: Direct Interview, Mail Survey and Telephone meeting of individual. Showcasing blend The Marketing Mix (The 4 Ps of Marketing) In showcasing choices we are to take choices about the four after classifications:  · Product which is created by the organization  · Price which is charged by the organization  · Place (appropriation) where it is sold by the organization  · Promotion what is done to build deals of the organization These four Ps are those parameters that the promoting director can control, subject to the inner and outside imperatives of the advertising condition. All the four components of the promoting blend for an objective market ought to fortify each other and contribute emphatically to companys offer for the objective market. The right procedure to get its showcasing blend right is that the organization chooses its situating and sets every component of the promoting blend to fit in with its situating. Most organizations start with fixing their advertising blend components separately and just a lot later in their development do

Reality Shows Essay Topics - How To Write Great Essays For Reality Shows

Reality Shows Essay Topics - How To Write Great Essays For Reality ShowsIn fact, people from all over the world can be found on reality shows who submit their essays or have essays written for them. Some of the topics are quite interesting, while others are just plain boring.The truth is that most of the essay topics that are submitted to reality shows are very uninteresting. I mean, most of the time, you are only going to find information in these essays that you already know! This is not good enough!However, there are some that are full of great info. Yes, you will get some hard facts and figures, but the information can also be even more useful if you focus on those things that matter. How can you do this?You can start by starting with a reality show that interests you. It doesn't even have to be one that you are interested in. You will be able to easily find a reality show that you like, and that might be something that you would want to see on television. These are great since t hey give you not only great information but also people that you know.You can then start by reading all of the information that you can from the reality show. Get the basic facts, such as the past records, rankings, and career goals. Focus on getting more information about these records and rankings. You might even find out that you might want to take your career up a notch.You will also want to pay attention to how the people that are in the show portray themselves. You should focus on what these people are wearing, how they speak, and how they act around others. Make sure that you also look at what they say, and where they are taking you.After you are done with this type of information, then you can move on to the next type of professional information. This is usually what people look for when they submit their essays to reality shows.Instead of just going over the facts that are listed in the reality show, focus on what you want to do. What would you like to accomplish, and what you would like to do once you get there?

The Pyramids Of Giza Pyramids - 879 Words

Ancient Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northeastern Africa, along the the Nile River in what is now the modern country of Egypt.It consisted of many farms along the Nile. They are known for the Pyramids of Giza. The Great Pyramid of Giza is the oldest and largest of the three pyramids in the Giza Necropolis bordering Cairo, Egypt. The Great Pyramid is the main part of a complex or set of buildings that include two mortuary temples in honor of Khufu. King Menes is whom founded Egypt. In the year 5500 BCE technology flourished. The technology that they had created was asstounding. They were able to create glass, ramps, levers, and more. There greatest creation was the pyramid. The first pyramid was created in 2551 B.C. It was created†¦show more content†¦His son became the king of Egypt, while Osiris became the king of the dead and the judge of the underworld. Egyptians thus saw him as triumphant over death. Osiris was also the god of vegetation and was often painted with green skin, symbolizing new growth and renewal. Anubis was a jackal headed god. He was associated with mummies and the afterlife. He spawned in your place to take you to the afterlife. He was said to be the reason farming was so great. Isis was the ultimate goddess. She was the mother of Horus and the wife and sister of Osiris. Horus was one of the most important ancient gods. He was the son of Osiris and Isis. He was usually seen with a falcon head with a white and red crown. These are just a few gods out of many more. Not all of the Egyptians worshipped the gods. Pharaohs and priests worshipped them the most. They made temples for the gods to live in and worship in. They did not connect with other Egyptians though. The ancient Egyptians built pyramids as tombs for the pharaohs and their queens. The pharaohs were buried in many different shapes and sizes from before the beginning of the Old Kingdom to the end of the Middle Kingdom. The ancient Egyptians believed that when someone died, their soul left their body. The soul would then return and be reunited with the body after it was buried. However, the soul needed to be able to find and recognise the body in order to live forever. Most ordinary ancient Egyptians were probably buried in theShow MoreRelatedThe Pyramid Of Giza And The Pyramids873 Words   |  4 Pagesearth sciences appear to show that the Great Pyramid was a fantastic gadget for get-together, enhancing, and centering a baffling vitality field for th e profound advantage of individuals. We don t know precisely how the pyramid and its principle chamber were utilized, and the geometric structure of the pyramid has been quietly adjusted by the evacuation of the packaging stones and the top stone (Ruggles, 2015). None-the-less, the Great Pyramid of the Giza level still radiates incredible power as aRead MoreThe Pyramids Of Giza Pyramids929 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Great pyramids of Giza. The pyramids of Giza in total are three, these are some of the most famous pyramids in the world and some of the most famous landmarks of Egypt. Growing up I would always think of one day traveling to egypt and climbing to the top. This is why I decided to do my research paper on this work of art and great monument of art history. With this paper I was able to research into detail about; The Great Pyramids of Giza, which include The Pyramid (Pyramid of Khufu)Read MoreThe Pyramid Of Giza Pyramids846 Words   |  4 Pagesmy eyes. Up above me, was†¦ a pyramid? I feel disoriented. So I quickly get up, scanning the area. In front of me are some small pyramids, and to the left and right were temples. Behind me was the most ineffable structure I have ever seen. It was the Pyramid of Giza. The oldest wonder of the world. If this is the Pyramid of Giza, then I am somewhere in Cairo, Egypt. Towering over everyone’s head, this structure was far beyond what I have heard about the Pyramid of Giza. In my mind, some mellifluousRead MorePyramids of Giza719 Words   |  3 PagesThe Mystery of the Construction of the Pyramids of Giza RUNNING HEAD: THE MYSTERY OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE PYRAMIDS 2 AT GIZA There are many mysteries surrounding our historyRead MoreThe Great Pyramid Of Giza930 Words   |  4 PagesGiza, an area located southwest of what is now known as Cairo, is home to one of the most astonishing and mysterious feats of architecture ever assembled, The Great Pyramid. Located approximately 5 miles west of the Nile River near the city of Cairo, Egypt, The Great Pyramid is part of a larger complex called the Giza Necropolis, which also houses the Great Sphinx, and two smaller pyramids. It is said to have been built by the enslaved citizens of Khufu, second ruler of the 4th dynasty, and son ofRead MoreThe Giza Pyramid Site Of Giza906 Words   |  4 PagesNecropolis - the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur†, typically referred to as the Giza pyramid site. The Giza pyramid site consists of not only the Great Pyramid of Giza and the Great Sphinx, but also lesser known components such as cemeteries and workers village. The site is located in Giza, close to modern day Cairo in Egypt. Figure 1 below shows the layout of the site The Giza pyramid site is an ancient Egypt burial site. To understand the significance of the Giza pyramid site it is necessaryRead MoreThe Great Pyramid Of Giza1382 Words   |  6 Pageswill examine the Great Pyramid of Giza during the Fourth Dynasty, the period in which it was built. My purpose for this topic is to not only educate myself further in the humanities of Ancient Egypt but to also get a better understanding of how the art relates to the people and their lives, I will do so by examining how and when The Great Pyramid of Giza and the surrounding pyramids were built, then how the culture of the people at the time influenced the making of the pyramid, and finally I will discussRead MoreThe Great Pyramid Of Giza Essay1147 Words   |  5 PagesThe â€Å"Great Pyramid of Giza† is situated in the Giza Necropolis which borders the largest city in Egypt – Giza. It is also identified by two other names; the Pyramid of â€Å"Cheops† or â€Å"Khufu†. The Great Pyramid stands as the largest and oldest among the Giza Necropolis pyramids. Furthermore, it is listed among the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, holding the record of being the oldest in that list. The magnificence of the pyramid’s structure is an attraction that has grabbed the attention of severalRead MoreThe Great Pyramid Of Giza859 Words   |  4 Pages The Great Pyramid of Giza, is one of the oldest and sole surviving wonders of the Ancient World, has attracted the interest of many people such as tourists, philosophers, and travelers for hundreds of years. The pyramids interest has centered on the question of whether the ancient Egyptian people created and or possessed certain mathematical concepts and rules in the pyramids for the proportions and measurements. The Great Pyramid’s elevation encodes three of the most important constants in createdRead MoreThe Great Pyramid Of Giza1611 Words   |  7 PagesThe Great Pyramid of Giza, the largest of the pyramids, was built in 2589 BC for King Khufu, it took 23 years to complete and remains standing today over 2,000 years later. The Great Pyramid of Giza provides a comprehensive understanding, as archaeological evidence, of the old kingdom and the political role of the Pharaoh and religion revealing insight to the mathematical intelligence of the ancient Egyptians. Through the intellect, religion and politics embedded within the structure, much information

Movie Analysis The American Dream - 860 Words

Movies and the cinematic world can be used as a very powerful tool. Whether it is in protest, or trying to get a message through to the audience, movie producers and directors are very highly skilled in the ways of doing so. We see many examples of how different social problems can be reflected in films. In two films that have been discussed and seen in class, Kingsman and Mad Max, the theories of Karl Marx and the desire to fulfill the â€Å"American Dream† are prominent throughout both of the films. Matthew Vaughn’s Kingsman is a perfect representation of the quest for the â€Å"American Dream†. The â€Å"American Dream†, in this context, is the opportunity for prosperity and success. When Eggsy’s journey throughout the film is analyzed, one can see how he represents the billions of people around the planet that will not throw away their one shot to have a better life or to find success in their endeavors. He had a poor upbringing and was on a bad path, but learning from those experiences helped him achieve his goal of becoming a Kingsman. The film, however, does cater to Hollywood’s white citizenry. Mainly all of the characters in the film are white, except for the villain and his henchwoman. Even the â€Å"non-privileged† characters were white. Another topic that can be analyzed is the desire for power and wealth, and how money corrupts people. Karl Marx wrote many essays and works based around his theories on wealth. In Kingsman, we can see a reflection of some of Marx’s theories andShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Movie The American Dream 754 Words   |  4 Pages Nyreel Powell Ms. Jones American Literature 1 June 2015 The American dream in A Raisin in the Sun Have you ever had a dream and it didn’t come how you wanted it to be? Have you ever had accomplishments that you wanted to achieve but people were getting in the way of them? The four main characters in this book all have good dreams but there are people in the way of getting to those dreams or their dream is too high to accomplish. A Raisin in the Sun a play written by Lorraine Hansberry, andRead MoreEmily Liddick. Mrs. Campbell. English 2. 23 April 2017.1203 Words   |  5 Pages2017 Gatsby Analysis Essay Cinematic techniques are methods that authors use to convey specific pieces of information in a narrative. Some examples of this would be the angle shots, flashbacks, themes, symbols, etc. In both the movie and the novel of The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald portrays multiple instances of these techniques. This not only enhances the effect that it has on the audience, but it also constructs similarities and differences between both the novel and the movie. For instanceRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgeralds Personl Influences on The Great Gatsby1762 Words   |  7 Pagessimplified terms, Fitzgerald was like Nick because of how he was educated, and their liking of their new life style, and he was similar to Gatsby because of their idolization of the rich. Jay Gatsby, or James Gatz was a man who wanted to pursue the American Dream, to work hard and get ahead. All of this was to impress the woman that he was in love with, Daisy Fay. Nick Carraway is made narrator of the novel. He is incl ined to reserve all judgements of all people, which is why Fitzgerald made him theRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald Essay1359 Words   |  6 PagesPsychoanalytic media analysis argues that literary texts, like dreams, express the secret unconscious desires and anxieties of the characters within a movie, and the literary work is a manifestation of the Id, Super-Ego, and Ego. The text that I will analyze using the psychoanalytic media theory will be the film The Great Gatsby, originally a novel by F. Scott Fitzgerald. I will be using Freud’s primary psychoanalytic theory of the ID, Ego, and Super-Ego to analyze the movie The Great Gatsby, andRead MoreGreat Gatsby Film Analysis Essay903 Words   |  4 PagesThe Great Gatsby Film Analysis The 2013 drama/romance movie, The Great Gatsby, is the second movie adaption made based off the novel written by F. Scott Fitzgerald in 1925. Co-written and directed by Baz Luhrmann, this film received both glory and criticism upon its release. The Great Gatsby is well known for its â€Å"Gatsby era† as well as the love encircled between money and power. Without the glitz and glam of this story in conjunction with the forever love Jay Gatsby, a millionaire known for hisRead MoreSpare Parts, An Inspirational True Story About Four Undocumented High School Students1476 Words   |  6 Pagesstudents. These students enter a robotics competition together and come in first place. Throughout the movie they face many challenges and obstacles and still manage to come at the top. This movie has a great message behind it. This movie shows the problems that undocumented families face day by day. Oscar Vazquez is one of the four high school students who was attending the American Forces Career Center to enlist in the United States Army. He got denied due to his immigration statusRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of The Great Gatsby 1508 Words   |  7 PagesRhetorical Analysis for the movie The Great Gatsby In the film of The Great Gatsby, based on the novel, Director, Baz Luhrmann shares the elaborate tale of the infamous Jay Gatsby. Taking place in the era of the 1920’s, also known as the roaring twenties, Luhrmann is able to bring the film to life by constructing breathtaking scenery creating a glamorous environment full of ecstasy in order to make the modern day audience get a feel for what life in that time period would have been like today. ThoughRead MoreThe Film Of Jay Gatsby Essay1482 Words   |  6 Pagesperson for himself from his past life. But with all the wealth and status Gatsby accumulated, on the surface it made him appear to be living the American Dream but it actually leads to his demise. Many different possessions seemed to hold the promise of happiness and the path to the American Dream. One such example was the houses depicted in the movie. The obvious competition to declare one’s status, everyone attempting outdo the another. It was all about the size of the house and the amenitiesRead More Social Stratification and The Movie Sweet Home Alabama Essay1030 Words   |  5 Pagesin every day life and the media. It is the American Dream to move upward in society. The movie Sweet Home Alabama is a prime example of social mobility in the main character. The main character Melanie Carmichael left her small town Alabama home and achieved an impressive upward social mobility. She began her life as a daughter of a respectful working class family to become a world famous fashion designer in New York City. At the beginning of the movie, Andrew, the mayor’s son, proposes to MelanieRead MoreEssay about Great Gatsby Film Analysis839 Words   |  4 PagesSept ember 11, 2011 Critical Analysis: The Great Gatsby Film The classic American novel, The Great Gatsby, presents a major theme of passing time. Losing Daisy meant losing Gatsby’s entire world, which he only kept alive through his hope of repeating the past. Daisy is a symbol of everything he values and therefore became the entity of his dream: his dream of spending the rest of his life with Daisy, the woman he loves undeniably. But Gatsby doesn’t realize his dream is unattainable because unfortunately

Male and Female Roles Free Essays

Male and female roles have changed dramatically since the beginning of the 21st century. Men were known as the bread-winners. Their responsibility was to go to work and bring home money to take care of their family. We will write a custom essay sample on Male and Female Roles or any similar topic only for you Order Now While women stayed at home and took care of all the cooking and cleaning. The female role also consisted of bearing and taking care of all the children. Things have changed women can also get good jobs and bring home as much money as men and sometimes even more money than men. In a major step forward, women demanded and were granted the right to vote in the United States in 1920s. Women should not have to stay at home and take care of the children, cook, and clean. Taking care of children alone should be considered a full time job, before adding cooking and cleaning. In the 1960s the invention of the birth control pill came about that let women control when they had kids. Contraceptives made planning a family around a career easier for women; careers no longer had to take a backseat to family. The great depression was hard on many families. Many men suffered losses of income and unemployment. Women embraced this abrupt status change and rose to the challenge of finding work to support their family. Then the equal opportunities movement came about meaning that employers could not discriminate against women in hiring and promotion, and providing further protection for women in the workplace, even though men still make more money than women. Along with being the primary breadwinners a male’s role may consist of a few manly chores such as taking out trash, fixing cars, and cutting grass but, some males have taken on the female role. According to the U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, less than one percent of dads were stay-at-home fathers in 2006. Men account for only 19 percent of single parents who live with their children. However, that still means there were 159,000 stay-at-home fathers as of 2006, according to the U. S. Census Bureau. There is a thriving community of stay-at-home fathers who are quite proud of their role in the family and support their â€Å"bread-winning† wives fully. Most women, who work full time with families, still have the primary responsibility of taking care of the children and home. Women want to get out and have a life, not just stay at home and do chores. Women also want to take care of their children. Mothers want to be the one that see their baby’s first crawl or first word. Mothers want to get that child up in the morning, dress her and see her off to her first day of school. Mothers tend to be more nurturing than fathers. For example when a child fall off her bike for the first time a mother will probably run to that child and put a bandage on. Whereas a father will most likely try to brush it off and get the child to try again. I totally agree that males should be the primary bread- winners. Then if a woman wants to work part time or go back to school she can. Sometimes taking care of the children and chores can be split in half between male and female, so no one feel that one is doing more work than the other. If a woman wants to get out the house sometime and have a life maybe she could join a social club, have a few girlfriends, or volunteer with different community organizations. I do not think a woman should have to be the primary bread- winner, the primary caregiver to the children, and still do most of the cooking and cleaning. Some women have to be the primary breed winners. If a woman is left alone to take care of her children she have no choice but to become the primary bread-winner, the primary care giver, and do most of the cooking and cleaning because maybe she will not have any help. Even though a female is left alone all the work of taking care of children and a home still goes on. In 2005, nearly 4 in 10 babies in the U. S. were born outside of marriage according to the centers for disease control. References * Women’s Roles Vs. Male’s Roles in the 21st Century | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/info_8630273_womens-males-roles-21st-century.html#ixzz2RIpkA17n How to cite Male and Female Roles, Papers

Network Documentation free essay sample

Network Documentation 2 Introduction In this lab, you will learn how to use various tools and techniques to determine and document IP network design. You will use the Windows Command Prompt to generate network traffic; Wireshark to capture and analyze the generated traffic; PuTTY to remotely access the Cisco Switch; and finally, you will issue IOS commands on the Cisco Switch to understand its various interfaces and inner workings. Learning Objectives Upon completing this lab, you will be able to: †¢ Develop a plan for identifying and documenting the logical IP network design and IP addressing schema based on data collected from Lab #1 †¢ Use PuTTY to establish Telnet and SSH to the IP addresses of the identified interfaces on Cisco routers, switches, and firewalls †¢ Use Cisco show commands to display the MAC-layer addresses of Ethernet ports, IP addressing schema, and subnet mask addressing used throughout the IP networking infrastructure †¢ Document the MAC addresses and IP addresses of the IP networking infrastructure †¢ Document the IP host addresses of the VM server farm hosts TOOLS AND SOFTWARE USED NAME MORE INFORMATION Wireshark http://www. We will write a custom essay sample on Network Documentation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page wireshark. org/ PuTTY http://www. chiark. greenend. org. uk/~sgtatham/putty/ Cisco IOS http://www. cisco. com/warp/cpropub/45/tutorial. htm 17 18 LAB #2 ? |? Network Documentation Deliverables Upon completion of this lab, you are required to provide the following deliverables to your instructor: 1. A completed Network Documentation Chart #1; 2. Lab Assessment Questions Answers for Lab #2. Instructor Demo Lab #2 The instructor will review the packet capture files from Lab #1 using Wireshark or NetWitness Investigator. IP data payloads that display data in cleartext will be displayed. The instructor will also show students how IP host address information and IP subnet numbers can be determined from these packet captures to Telnet to a Cisco device using the captured Cisco console password. Finally, the instructor will demonstrate the various Cisco IOS â€Å"show† terminal console commands to display useful network documentation information that can obtained from Cisco devices for further network exploration and documentation. Hands-On Steps 19 Hands-On Steps 1. This lab begins at the student landing vWorkstation virtual machine desktop of the VSCL, as shown here. FIGURE 2. 1 â€Å"Student Landing† VSCL workstation 2 Network Documentation Note: Review the Network Documentation Chart at the end of this lab. You will use the steps in this lab to find the information required to complete this deliverable. 2. To start the Wireshark application, double-click on the Wireshark icon on the desktop. 3. When the Wireshark window appears, click the Citrix Systems link in the area marked â€Å"Interface List. † This tells Wireshark which interface to monitor for activity. In this case, you are capturing data from the virtual environment. In a production environment, you would see a list of interfaces c orresponding to the resources available in that environment (servers, nodes, etc. ). FIGURE 2. 2 The Wireshark window Once you select Citrix Systems, Wireshark begins capturing data, from every action you take until you tell it to stop capturing data later in this lab. 20 LAB #2 ? |? Network Documentation 4. Minimize the Wireshark application window. 5. Start the Windows Command Prompt by clicking Start Run and typing cmd in the dialog box. Note: To collect data for analysis, Wireshark must have a stream of incoming packets to capture. The next steps cover how to feed IP packets to Wireshark using ping, Telnet, and Secure Shell (SSH) connections. These connections generate packets on the virtual environment interface, which are then captured by Wireshark. 6. From the Windows Command Prompt application window, type ping 172. 30. 0. 8 (the IP address for the remote TargetWindows01 server) and press Enter. Note the Reply responses, which indicate the two-way passage of packets. You will use this information to complete the deliverables for this lab. FIGURE 2. 3 Windows Command Prompt window 7. Repeat step 6 for the following IP addresses to create a packet stream for Wireshark. †¢ 172. 30. 0. 2 †¢ 172. 16. 8. 1 †¢ 172. 17. 0. 2 †¢ 172. 16. 0. 2 †¢ 172. 19. 0. 1 †¢ 172. 19. 0. 2 8. Minimize the Windows Command Prompt window. 9. Double-click the PuTTY icon on the desktop to start the PuTTY application. Note: The next steps use PuTTY, a terminal emulator program that you can use as a client to create a variety of secure connections to network resources. This lab uses it to create Telnet and SSH sessions. Hands-On Steps 21 10. In the PuTTY application window, type the IP address for LAN Switch 1, 172. 16. 8. 5. Select the Telnet radio button and click the Open button to start the connection. FIGURE 2. 4 PuTTY application window 2 a. Username: cisco b. Password: cisco FIGURE 2. 5 PuTTY terminal console window Network Documentation 11. PuTTY will launch a terminal console window. At the login prompt, type the following: 22 LAB #2 ? |? Network Documentation Note: The next steps involve using the Cisco IOS show command to obtain network documentation information from the interface you’ve connected to (LAN Switch 1). Cisco IOS is a package of routing, switching, and networking commands integrated with a Cisco-specific operating system, of which the show command is a key function. Entering a show command at the command prompt in the terminal console will return network information specific to the command you entered. There are hundreds of show commands in Cisco IOS; availability is based on the privilege level of the user. The relevant show commands for this lab include the following: IOS COMMAND INFORMATION AVAILABLE FROM THIS COMMAND show interface This command displays physical and logical configuration information about each interface (such as, interface names and the number of interfaces), and whether or not the interface is up/available or down/ unavailable. This commands tells you what interfaces are enabled and active. show ip interface In additional to the interface names, this command also tells you what the IP subnet information, IP host address, and subnet mask address information is for all enabled ports. show ip arp This command displays the address resolution table of MAC-layer addresses to assigned IP host addresses. show ip route This command displays the IP routing protocol used, the IP routes and network numbers visible to the switch/router, and the physical interface that an IP packet traverses based on the IP routes and IP networks seen (Cisco routers only). show vlan This command displays the VLAN name and status configured within the LAN Switch 1 and LAN Switch 2 devices only. show switch vlan This command displays the VLANS configured within the ASA devices only. 12. In the terminal console window, at the command prompt labeled 172. 16. 8. 5/LanSwitch1, type show vlan and press Enter. FIGURE 2. 6 Output from show vlan command Hands-On Steps 23 Note: Review the output for this command. Notice the interface name displayed in the first table. These names correspond to the names in the Host Device column of the Network Documentation Chart at the end of the lab. The output from this command also displays the active ports for each of the devices. 13. In the terminal console window, at the command prompt labeled 172. 16. 8. 5/LanSwitch1, type show interface and press Enter. FIGURE 2. 7 Output from show interface command 2 Network Documentation Note: Review the output for this command. Notice the FastEthernet devices listed for this server. These lines indicate which devices are currently active, the device name associated with it, and the MAC-layer address for that device. 24 LAB #2 ? |? Network Documentation 14. In the terminal console window, at the command prompt labeled 172. 16. 8. 5/LanSwitch1, type show ip interface and press Enter. FIGURE 2. 8 Output from show ip interface command Note: Review the output for this command. Notice the information displayed for Vlan100 (the Norfolk server according to the information you uncovered in the show vlan command): the IP. The command displays the IP address and broadcast address for this device. Hands-On Steps 25 15. In the terminal console window, at the command prompt labeled 172. 16. 8. 5/LanSwitch1, type show ip arp and press Enter. FIGURE 2. 9 Output from show ip arp command 2 Note: 16. When finished entering the show commands and reviewing the output, type quit to close the terminal 17. 18. 19. 20. console. Double-click the PuTTY icon to restart the application. This time, in the PuTTY application window, type the IP address for LAN Switch 2, 172. 16. 20. 5, select the SSH radio button, and click the Open button to start the connection. Enter the username and password from Step 11. Repeat Steps 12-15, reviewing the returned output for the same data to complete the deliverables for this lab. Maximize the Wireshark application window from the vWorkstation application tray. Click the Stop scan icon to stop the packet capture process. Review the packet capture data in the Wireshark window, paying close attention to IP host address information, IP source and destination address information, and IP data payload information. You will need this information to complete the deliverables. FIGURE 2. 10 Packet capture data in the Wireshark window Note: As you review the packet capture data from Wireshark, it will be helpful to consider the following things: 1.? How can this information be used to compromise the Cisco LAN Switch 1 and LAN Switch 2 devices? 2.? ow can a protocol analyzer like Wireshark provide useful information to an attacker trying to break H into the IP network infrastructure? Network Documentation Review the output for this command. Notice the hardware (MAC address) for LAN Switch 1 and the West Covina server are displayed. 26 LAB #2 ? |? Network Documentation Evaluation Criteria and Rubrics The following are the evaluation criteria and rubrics for Lab #2 that students must perform: 1. Was the student able to develop a plan for identifying and documenting the logical IP network design and IP addressing schema based on data collected from Lab #1? – [20%] 2. Was the student able to use PuTTY to establish Telnet and SSH to the IP addresses of the identified interfaces on Cisco routers, switches, and firewalls? – [20%] 3. Was the student able to use Cisco show commands to display the MAC-layer addresses of Ethernet ports, IP addressing schema, and subnet mask addressing used throughout the IP networking i nfrastructure? – [20%] 4. Was the student able to document the MAC addresses and IP addresses of the IP networking i nfrastructure? – [20%] 5. Was the student able to document the IP host addresses of the VM server farm? – [20%] Assessment Worksheet 27 LAB #2 – ASSESSMENT WORKSHEET Network Documentation Course Name and Number: Student Name: Instructor Name: 2 Lab Due Date: In this lab, you learned how to use several different applications and interfaces to identify and document an IP network design and schema. Chief among these is PuTTY, which you used in Lab #1. The primary use of PuTTY is to establish Telnet and SSH sessions to remote servers. You used PuTTY to collect information about those resources. You also used Wireshark to capture packet data from the sessions you established with PuTTY. Lab Assessment Questions Answers 1. What is the terminal console password for LAN Switch 1 and LAN Switch 2? 2. Specify the host IP address for LAN Switch 1 and LAN Switch 2 that you discovered from the Wireshark protocol capture file. Network Documentation Overview 28 LAB #2 ? |? Network Documentation 3. What is the difference between the following Cisco IOS commands: show interface and show IP interface? 4. Which Cisco IOS command displays the VLAN name and status? 5. How can you find out what the MAC-layer addresses and IP host addresses are of the server farm devices? 6. Which device supported encrypted terminal console connections and was verified in your Wireshark protocol capture and analysis: LAN Switch 1 or LAN Switch 2? 29 Assessment Worksheet LAB #2 – ASSESSMENT SPREADSHEET Network Documentation Chart #1 IP NETWORK NUMBER: HOST DEVICE LAN Switch 1 LAN Switch 2 ACTIVE PORTS SUBNET MASK ADDRESS: IP HOST ADDRESSES MAC ADDRESSES SUBNET NUMBER 2 Norfolk Tampa Seattle West Covina Network Documentation Indy

Assessment Practice in Classroom Essay Example

Assessment Practice in Classroom Essay Example Assessment Practice in Classroom Essay Assessment Practice in Classroom Essay Assessment practice in classroom Students’ assessment is one of the essential principles of any pedagogical program; it plays a crucial part in the educational process. According to McMillan (2011), attaining a perfect classroom assessment requires meaningful learning goals and standards that should be set before commencing classroom assessment procedures. Monitoring students’ progress will help teachers to adjust their instructions effectively to take students to the next level of learning. Diagnostic assessment, formative assessment, and summative assessment are major types of classroom assessment, and together they form the assessment cycle. McMillan (2011) points out that teachers must use achievement information derived from summative assessment to provide instructions, to attain the purpose of the assessment, and to give performance feedback to students and parents. Pre assessment or diagnostic assessment is the first step in classroom assessment that teachers do before commencing a new learning activity, to provide them with information about students’ pre knowledge, tendencies, and motivations. It is a crucial procedure needed to proceed to the next step, which is formative assessment. This type of classroom assessment is given during a learning activity to detect the student’s progress and adjust teaching according to possible new requirements. After completing the learning activity, summative assessment takes part in the process. This assessment is intended to determine whether long-term learning goals have been met, in addition to providing feedback and measuring the level of success that has been obtained; students can use outcomes of a summative assessment formatively to guide their learning. In order to make this process effective, teachers should perform consistent assessments that provide reliable results because â€Å"unreliable assessments cannot be valid† (Eggen, 2009, p. 36). Unclear directions can give inconsistent information that lead to unintended negative consequences. Recurrent failure in students with learning disabilities can lead to a further failure; teachers can support those students by encouraging them, and trying to rebuild their self-confidence (Robinson, 2008). Those students need special materials and learning strategies to deal with their learning problems. Diagnosing the students first, can help teachers to make right decisions later, considering each student’s individuality. There are several methods to be used in the classroom to ensure success according to Robinson (2008). For instance, the language experience approach and reading â€Å"usually guarantees interest, as it is one in which the student has a personal involvement. It is implemented with them and for them, it belongs to them. It allows the pupil to become involved in the learning process. Confidence and success are usually guaranteed, as developing your own stories based on everyday activities is likely to make the task easier to learn. Reading ones own story, for example, should be easier as writers should remember what the story was about† (Robinson, 2008, p. 306). This method represents an example of formative assessment in a classroom. The final stage of assessment represents the process of summative assessment. Robinson (2008) suggests that reading the story onto a tape recorder could be beneficial for revision, by revising the students’ work, teachers will provide feedback to students, and may want to set forth new instructional plans to promote students’ learning. Classroom assessment is a teachers’ powerful educational tool, especially when they use it to diagnose students with learning difficulties, and make modifications to their learning materials and instructions. McMillan (2011) argues that in order to make the assessment procedure successful in case of teaching students with learning difficulties, teachers should observe students precisely to give accurate indications of their performance. Employing the assessment cycle in classroom reinforces learning and improves its quality. Making modifications that conform to learners’ capabilities can positively influence them educationally. (514) words References: McMillan, James H. (2010) Classroom Assessment: Principles and Practice for Effective Standards-Based Instruction, 5th Edition. Pearson/Australia, Dec-10 Eggen, P. (2009) Educational Psychology: windows on classrooms, 8th Edition. Pearson/Australia, Jan-09 Robinson, G. (2008b). Understanding literacy and numeracy. In P. Foreman (Ed. ), Inclusion in action (2nd ed. , pp. 303-307). South Melbourne, Victoria: Thompson.

Simple Créer (to Create) Verb Conjugations in French

Simple 'Crà ©er' (to Create) Verb Conjugations in French In French, the verb  crà ©er  means to create. When you want to change it to another tense like created or creating, you will need to conjugate it. The good news is that this verb is relatively straightforward and similar to the majority of French verbs. Conjugating the French Verb  Crà ©er French verb conjugations are different than those in English. When conjugating a French verb, we must change the verb ending to match both the subject pronoun and the desired tense. Doing this can be confusing for French students, but it becomes easier with each new verb you learn. Crà ©er  is a  regular -ER verb  and it follows a very common verb conjugation pattern. Simply pair the subject pronoun with the appropriate tense needed for your sentence. For instance, I created is jai crà ©Ãƒ © and we will create is nous crà ©erons. Practicing these in context will help with memorization. Subject Present Future Imperfect je crà ©e crà ©erai crà ©ais tu crà ©es crà ©eras crà ©ais il crà ©e crà ©era crà ©ait nous crà ©ons crà ©erons crà ©ions vous crà ©ez crà ©erez crà ©iez ils crà ©ent crà ©eront crà ©aient The Present Participle of  Crà ©er The  present participle  of  crà ©er  is  crà ©ant.  This acts as a verb, though it can also become a gerund, adjective, or noun in some contexts. The Past Participle and Passà © Composà © A  common way to express the past tense created in French is with the  passà © composà ©. To construct this, begin with the subject pronoun and the proper conjugate of the  auxiliary verb  avoir. Then, add the  past participle  crà ©Ãƒ ©. As an example, I created is jai crà ©Ãƒ © and we created is nous avons crà ©Ãƒ ©. Notice how  ai  and  avons  are conjugates of  avoir  and that the past participle does not change. More Simple  Crà ©er  Conjugations The subjunctive verb mood will be used when the verb is uncertain. Similarly, the conditional implies that something may not happen unless something else also happens. The passà © composà © and imperfect subjunctive are primarily literary forms and are often found in writing. While you may not use all these forms, its important to at least know about them. Subject Subjunctive Conditional Passà © Simple Imperfect Subjunctive je crà ©e crà ©erais crà ©ai crà ©asse tu crà ©es crà ©erais crà ©as crà ©asses il crà ©e crà ©erait crà ©a crà ©Ãƒ ¢t nous crà ©ions crà ©erions crà ©Ãƒ ¢mes crà ©assions vous crà ©iez crà ©eriez crà ©Ãƒ ¢tes crà ©assiez ils crà ©ent crà ©eraient crà ©Ãƒ ¨rent crà ©assent To express  crà ©er  in the imperative form  is easy. Keep things short and sweet for these assertive sentences and skip the subject pronoun. Rather than tu crà ©e, use crà ©e alone. Imperative (tu) crà ©e (nous) crà ©ons (vous) crà ©ez

Creating A New Nigeria. What Ignored Sectors Must Be Reformed To Research Proposal

Creating A New Nigeria. What Ignored Sectors Must Be Reformed To Re-Brand The Giant Of Africa. Lessons From Other Emerging Economies - Research Proposal Example relation to the current competitive environment, these sectors are often recognised to play pivotal role for the countries to stimulate continuous growth and economic development. Therefore, rebranding of these particular areas has become a major concern for the Nigeria to improve its economic and socio-cultural development. In relation to the rebranding of the sectors, Aibueku (2011) has critically explored that education is one of the major sectors facing major challenges in Nigeria. According to the study, it has been perceived that the educational system of the nation is undergoing challenges due to the lack of effective mechanism and policy development measures (Aibueku, 2011). In addition, the sports and tourism development sector of the nation has also been recognised to face major hurdles during the past few decades. In this regard, rapid decline of the sports and tourism sector in the country has significantly lowered the opportunity for Nigeria to stabilise its economic development. Lack of policy measures along with support from governmental agencies and continuous instability of the political system have substantially influenced the current sports and tourism sector of Nigeria (Elendu, 2013). In addition, the media and entertainment sector in Nigeria is also considered to be ignored from its further development. Ineffective measures of using advanced technological aspects along with lack of policy developmental efforts of the nation are identified to reduce the scope of the current media and entertainment business sector of Nigeria (Obono & Madu, 2010). The study of Nigeria always provides adequate information relating to the sectors, which are major contributor to its economic growth from the research work of other researchers. However, there is a lack of research study of the ignored sectors of Nigeria, which are affecting the economic as well as social growth of the country as a whole. In this regard, the proposed research study focused on

Is Globalization Americanization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Is Globalization Americanization - Essay Example Contradictory to the various claims that American culture is being adopted by many countries around the world, it should be emphasized that many of these practices did not originate in the US. Beginning with the spread of the English language, the television and music industry and reality programs many of these have in fact originated from outside the US. However, despite the lack of an inherent culture in the US, one cannot neglect the fact that events taking place in Wall Street, Silicon Valley and Hollywood are having an upper hand in this globalization drive (Nye, 2002). But, most importantly as many people have argued, Americans lack their own culture and have only imbibed various cultures from other countries. However, sociologists believe that such a cultureless state is also a form of culture. The various immigrants who had settled in the US brought and practiced their culture and this multicultural cohabitation has created a new culture which is now being increasingly adopte d by many countries (Ssenyonga, 2006). ... The fast food industry which has been hugely popularized in the US by food chains such as McDonald’s, Kentucky Fried Chicken and Burger King which sell pre-prepared foods such as burgers and French fries has now opened its base in many other countries. Though they are being widely discouraged by dieticians across the world by associating its consumption to the rise of obesity among children and adults, it has not deterred the people from eating such foods. Hence American cuisine is becoming synonymous with junk food and obesity (Ssenyonga, 2006). However, even these fast foods are changed to reflect the tastes and needs of people in other countries; a good example being the McDonald’s menu which is different in China. Thus though the concept of fast foods has been adapted from the US, it is delivered in a manner which is acceptable by the people of other countries (Nye, 2002). Apart from fast foods, other cultural influences from the US which have migrated to other coun tries include music and television. The music industry in the US which is driven to a large extent by rap artists such as Eminem and Snoop Dogg has had a huge impact globally both musically and on the dress culture. People around the world were exposed to hip-hop, jazz and country music which originated in the US (Ssenyonga, 2006). However, it is only the music which is inherently American, as the top three leading music companies in the US are owned by British, German and Japanese and not by Americans (Nye, 2002). The television media has also contributed to the spread of American culture. Hollywood has changed the face of movies across the world with its

Thurgood Marshall Essay examples -- History Lawyer Marshall Biographie

Thurgood Marshall After the Reconstruction period, African Americans had won freedom and no longer were seen as processions of the whiteman, although, something even more evil existed, segregation. This problem made life for many black people an ever-continuing struggle. Black people were forced to attend separate schools, churches, hotels, and even restaurants. At the time, white males dominated the work force and many African Americans rarely found well paying jobs. The court system judged people of color more harshly than people of white skin, which led to unfair sentences and lynchings. A lynching is when a person is hanged or executed without a trial; they were very common during this time period. African Americans could only take so much of this, they cried out against the unequal ways that white people practiced. Foundations were formed to aid these people and bring justice to the society they were living in. The NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) was probably th e most significant of these foundations. This was the same organization that Thurgood Marshall became the leading lawyer of. Thurgood Marshall was born in the year of 1908 in Baltimore, Maryland. He was prepped and raised by his mother, Norma Arica Marshall, and his father, William Canfield Marshall. Thurgood's mother was one of the first African Americans to graduate from Colombia University and his father was the first black person to serve on Baltimore's grand jury in the...

Motivation in Hospitality

E XECUTIVE WHITE PA P E R A new study on employee motivation and performance lays the groundwork for creation of the SITE Foundation Motivation Index . MOTIVATION In The Hospitality Industry Introduction About the Research The CANE Model Implications for Employers About the Researchers Where to Get the Study INTRODUCTION E mployee turnover within the U. S. fast-food and hotel industries costs those industries in the neighborhood of $140 billion annually. In more bite-sized terms, it will cost roughly 100% to 200% of an employee’s base salar y to recruit and train a replacement. Although the turnover rate for these ndustries hovers between 78. 3 percent and 95. 4 percent on a national basis, some fast-food restaurants and hotels experience much lower rates, and have significantly greater success retaining employees. Overall, higher levels of motivation and motivated performance translate into a 53 percent reduction in worker turnover. It is generally understood that employment in these industries is often considered to be temporar y, or stop-gap employment, with workers leaving eventually for what they will consider â€Å"greener pastures. † And certainly, different economics are at work depending on the region, the type of establishment, etc.However, turnover rates also vary within the same economies, the same chains, the same cities, and the same regions. All things being equal, then, what accounts for the differences in turnover rates? And more importantly, what can managers do to reduce turnover at their properties? The Site Foundation is seeking to answer those questions by studying employee motivation and performance in the fast- food and hotel industries. The study – Motivation in the Hospitality Industry – measures key indices of motivated behavior using the widely recognized CANE (Commitment And Necessary Effort) Model of Motivation.The following describes key findings from research to date and offers methods managers can use to reduce turnover in their fast-food or hotel operations. About The Research Hotel and fast-food employees from twenty-two job sites located in the Orlando, Florida area were surveyed in October Published by: T he SITE Foundation Copyright 2004. All Rights Reser ved. This paper is an edited version of a full report by the same name written by Steven J. Condly, Ph. D. , Educational Studies Dept. , College of Education, University of Central Florida, and Robin DiPietro, Ph. D. , Rosen School of Hospitality Management,University of Central Florida. EXECUTIVE WHITE PA P E R Employment in these industries is often considered to be temporary, or stop-gap employment, with workers leaving eventually. 2003. All told, 545 responses were received. Mid-scale hotels contributed 14. 9 percent of the responses; fast-food restaurants contributed 85. 1 percent. A follow-up phase conducted in February 2004 surveyed the same job sites. The survey instrument was modeled after the CANE Model (Richard Clark, 1998). The CANE Model helps us to understand the various aspects of why people are motivated to perform a specific task. The CANE ModelThe following chart illustrates the dynamics at work in the CANE Model. It is followed by an explanation of the ten predictor variables and questions in which the employee might express the effect of the variable on his or her behavior. (Commitment And Necessary Effort) Perceptions of Capability Self-Efficacy Agency Self-Efficacy 2 Effort Affect x Emotion Mood Task Value x Goal Commitment Importance Interest Utility Choice Persistence IMPLICATIONS FOR EMPLOYERS Simply put, the study demonstrates that certain behaviors have various impacts on turnover in various ways, and these differences suggest strategies employers ight use to reduce turnover. These include: T urnover is less when employees have a high level of value for their work. These employees persist more than colleagues who report low levels of value. Employers can help employees valu e their work through consistent praise, recognition, and special incentives. T urnover is less at work sites where employees feel supported by the organization. Organizations can increase the level of support their employees feel by listening more, understanding employee issues, and taking action accordingly. Employees who feel better about their jobs persist more, exert more ffort, and are less likely to leave. EXECUTIVE WHITE PA P E R THE CANE MODEL Ten predictor variables identified by the CANE Model guided the investigation of the hospitality industry. These included: self-efficacy, agency, emotion, mood, importance, interest, utility, choice, persistence, and effort. Self-Efficacy The belief that one can organize and execute courses of action to obtain desired goals (Bandura, 1997). Can I Do This? Do I Have What It Takes? Agency The belief that you will be supported in doing a task or allowed to perform the task in accordance with your goals. W ill I Be Permitted To Do This and Be Supported?Can I Do This Under These Circumstances/Conditions? Emotion Negative emotions produce avoidance behaviors (tardiness, inattentiveness, job abandonment); positive emotions energize (choosing a task, staying longer on a task, etc. ) How Do I Feel About This Task Or Job? Mood Moods bias people’s thoughts, not their actions. How Am I Feeling In General? Importance People tend to commit to tasks when they identify with the task. Is This Task â€Å"Me†? Interest People can commit themselves to tasks even when the only thing they get out of it is pleasure from doing the task. Do I Like This? Utility Willingness to perform A to secure B.Task utility is often the most powerful motivator. If the answer to the question at the right is â€Å"nothing,† people are unlikely to commit to the task. What’s In It For Me? Choice Buy-in or the first step. This is that actual goal that people have selected; it differs from intention in that it involves some sort of action or response and not mere thought or words (Kuhl, 1986). Do I Agree With This? Persistence Continued choice in the face of obstacles. When people persist, they generally succeed. Can I Continue To Do This? Effort An energy-based behavior involving actual thinking rather than rote performance.When people exert effort, they increase the likelihood of succeeding in a task. Is It Worth The Effort? Older employees tend to be more motivated, persistent, exert a greater effort, and are less likely to leave in the face of difficulties. Salaried employees are more motivated than hourly employees. Women are more likely to say their work is more interesting, more important, and more useful; however, turnover for women is higher than men. When employees feel they cannot perform certain tasks, managers should reduce the size of complexity of the task into smaller â€Å"chunks. † This helps the employee to build self-efficacy.Employees who perceive their work conditions to be unfa ir and/or unreliable need evidence that the system is there to help them be effective. If negative perceptions are cor rect, management should rectify them. Conclusion: When tasks are being avoided or devalued, a carefully targeted incentive system can solve the problem in both the short- and long-terms. About the Researchers This summary of a SITE study is an edited version of a full report by the same name written by Steven J. Condly, Ph. D. , Educational Studies Dept. , College of Education, University of Central Florida, and Robin DiPietro, Ph. D. Rosen School of Hospitality Management, University of Central Florida. WHERE TO GET THE STUDY For copies, contact The SITE Foundation: Frank J. Katusak, Executive Director 304 Park Avenue South 11th Floor New York, NY 10010 212-590-2518 f. [email  protected] org; www. sitefoundation. org 3 WE’VE COME A LONG WAY SINCE THE CARROT Give Sales Force Motivation the Attention it Deserves Improve sales representa- Improve team field f orce per- tive performance an average of formance by up to 45% with a 22% with a carefully designed, properly structured incentive implemented and monitored program incentive programNinety-two percent of sales Q uota-based incentive pro- representatives surveyed indi- grams are proven to yield the cated they achieved their goals greatest results because of incentive programs Your Program Costs Can Be Based on Results and Payable Upon Success Research Shows Why Certain Incentive Programs Work While Others Don’t Get a free summary of the research, â€Å"Incentives, Motivation and Workplace Performance: Research & Best Practices,† conducted by the International Society of Performance Improvement, 2002. Contact Frank Katusak at 212-590-2518 or f. [email  protected] org. The complete study is available for $50.

A Guide to Ethnomethodology

Ethnomethodology is the study of how people use social interaction to maintain an ongoing sense of reality in a situation. To gather data, ethnomethodologists rely on ​conversation analysis and a rigorous set of techniques for systematically observing and recording what happens when people interact in natural settings. It is an attempt to classify the actions people take when they are acting in groups.   Origins of Ethnomethodology Harold Garfinkel originally came up with the idea for ethnomethodology at jury duty. He wanted to explain how the people organized themselves into a jury. He was interested in how people act in particular social situations, especially ones outside of the daily norm like serving as a juror.   Examples of Ethnomethodology A conversation is a social process that requires certain things in order for participants to identify it as a conversation and keep it going. People look at each other, nod their heads in agreement, ask and respond to questions, etc. If these methods are not used correctly, the conversation breaks down and is replaced by another sort of social situation.